Bilangan 4:15

4:15 “When Aaron and his sons have finished ¹  covering ²  the sanctuary and all the furnishings of the sanctuary, when the camp is ready to journey, then ³  the Kohathites will come to carry them; ⁴  but they must not touch ⁵  any ⁶  holy thing, or they will die. ⁷  These are the responsibilities ⁸  of the Kohathites with the tent of meeting.

Yosua 3:3

3:3 and commanded the people: “When you see the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God ⁹  being carried by the Levitical priests, you must leave here ¹⁰  and walk ¹¹  behind it.

Yosua 3:14-17

3:14 So when the people left their tents to cross the Jordan, the priests carrying the ark of the covenant went ¹²  ahead of them. 3:15 When the ones carrying the ark reached the Jordan and the feet of the priests carrying the ark touched the surface ¹³  of the water – (the Jordan is at flood stage all during harvest time) ¹⁴  – 3:16 the water coming downstream toward them stopped flowing. ¹⁵  It piled up far upstream ¹⁶  at Adam (the city near Zarethan); there was no water at all flowing to the sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea). ¹⁷  The people crossed the river opposite Jericho. ¹⁸  3:17 The priests carrying the ark of the covenant of the Lord stood firmly on dry ground in the middle of the Jordan. All Israel crossed over on dry ground until the entire nation was on the other side. ¹⁹ 

Yosua 6:12

6:12 Bright and early the next morning Joshua had the priests pick up the ark of the Lord. ²⁰ 

Yosua 6:1

6:1 Now Jericho ²¹  was shut tightly ²²  because of the Israelites. No one was allowed to leave or enter. ²³ 

Kisah Para Rasul 8:3

8:3 But Saul was trying to destroy ²⁴  the church; entering one house after another, he dragged off ²⁵  both men and women and put them in prison. ²⁶ 

Kisah Para Rasul 8:1

8:1 And Saul agreed completely with killing ²⁷  him.

Saul Begins to Persecute the Church

Now on that day a great ²⁸  persecution began ²⁹  against the church in Jerusalem, ³⁰  and all ³¹  except the apostles were forced to scatter throughout the regions ³²  of Judea and Samaria.

Kisah Para Rasul 15:2

15:2 When Paul and Barnabas had a major argument and debate ³³  with them, the church ³⁴  appointed Paul and Barnabas and some others from among them to go up to meet with ³⁵  the apostles and elders in Jerusalem ³⁶  about this point of disagreement. ³⁷ 

Kisah Para Rasul 15:12-15

15:12 The whole group kept quiet ³⁸  and listened to Barnabas and Paul while they explained all the miraculous signs ³⁹  and wonders God had done among the Gentiles through them. 15:13 After they stopped speaking, ⁴⁰  James replied, ⁴¹  “Brothers, listen to me. 15:14 Simeon ⁴²  has explained ⁴³  how God first concerned himself ⁴⁴  to select ⁴⁵  from among the Gentiles ⁴⁶  a people for his name. 15:15 The ⁴⁷  words of the prophets agree ⁴⁸  with this, as it is written,

[4:15]  ¹ tn The verb form is the Piel perfect with a vav (ו) consecutive; it continues the future sequence, but in this verse forms a subordinate clause to the parallel sequential verb to follow.

[4:15]  ² tn The Piel infinitive construct with the preposition serves as the direct object of the preceding verbal form, answering the question of what it was that they finished.

[4:15]  ³ tn Heb “after this.”

[4:15]  ⁴ tn The form is the Qal infinitive construct from נָשָׂא (nasa’, “to lift, carry”); here it indicates the purpose clause after the verb “come.”

[4:15]  ⁵ tn The imperfect tense may be given the nuance of negated instruction (“they are not to”) or negated obligation (“they must not”).

[4:15]  ⁶ tn Here the article expresses the generic idea of any holy thing (R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 19, §92).

[4:15]  ⁷ tn The verb is the perfect tense with a vav (ו) consecutive, following the imperfect tense warning against touching the holy thing. The form shows the consequence of touching the holy thing, and so could be translated “or they will die” or “lest they die.” The first is stronger.

[4:15]  ⁸ tn The word מַשָּׂא (massa’) is normally rendered “burden,” especially in prophetic literature. It indicates the load that one must carry, whether an oracle, or here the physical responsibility.

[3:3]  ⁹ sn The ark of the covenant refers to the wooden chest that symbolized God’s presence among his covenant people.

[3:3]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “set out from your place.”

[3:3]  ¹¹ tn Or “march.”

[3:14]  ¹² tn The verb, though not in the Hebrew, is added for clarification.

[3:15]  ¹³ tn Heb “dipped into the edge.”

[3:15]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and the Jordan overflows all its banks all the days of harvest.”

[3:15]  sn The lengthy description of the priests’ arrival at the Jordan and the parenthetical reminder that the Jordan was at flood stage delay the climax of the story and add to its dramatic buildup.

[3:16]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “the waters descending from above stood still.”

[3:16]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “they stood in one pile very far away.”

[3:16]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “the [waters] descending toward the sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea) were completely cut off.”

[3:16]  sn The Salt Sea is an ancient name for the Dead Sea.

[3:16]  ¹⁸ map For the location of Jericho see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[3:17]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and all Israel was crossing over on dry ground until all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan.”

[6:12]  ²⁰ tn Heb “Joshua rose early in the morning and the priests picked up the ark of the Lord.”

[6:1]  ²¹ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[6:1]  ²² tn Heb “was shutting and shut up.” HALOT 2:743 paraphrases, “blocking [any way of access] and blocked [against any who would leave].”

[6:1]  ²³ tn Heb “there was no one going out and there was no one coming in.”

[8:3]  ²⁴ tn Or “began to harm [the church] severely.” If the nuance of this verb is “destroy,” then the imperfect verb ἐλυμαίνετο (elumaineto) is best translated as a conative imperfect as in the translation above. If instead the verb is taken to mean “injure severely” (as L&N 20.24), it should be translated in context as an ingressive imperfect (“began to harm the church severely”). Either option does not significantly alter the overall meaning, since it is clear from the stated actions of Saul in the second half of the verse that he intended to destroy or ravage the church.

[8:3]  ²⁵ tn The participle σύρων (surwn) has been translated as an finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[8:3]  ²⁶ tn BDAG 762 s.v. παραδίδωμι 1.b has “εἰς φυλακήν put in prison Ac 8:3.”

[8:1]  ²⁷ tn The term ἀναίρεσις (anairesi") can refer to murder (BDAG 64 s.v.; 2 Macc 5:13; Josephus, Ant. 5.2.12 [5.165]).

[8:1]  ²⁸ tn Or “severe.”

[8:1]  ²⁹ tn Grk “Now there happened on that day a great persecution.” It is less awkward to say in English “Now on that day a great persecution began.”

[8:1]  ³⁰ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[8:1]  ³¹ sn All. Given that the Jerusalem church is still active after this and that the Hellenists are the focus of Acts 6-8, it is possible to argue that only the Hellenistic Christians were forced to scatter.

[8:1]  ³² tn Or “countryside.”

[15:2]  ³³ tn Grk “no little argument and debate” (an idiom).

[15:2]  ³⁴ tn Grk “they”; the referent (the church, or the rest of the believers at Antioch) has been specified to avoid confusion with the Judaizers mentioned in the preceding clause.

[15:2]  ³⁵ tn Grk “go up to,” but in this context a meeting is implied.

[15:2]  ³⁶ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[15:2]  ³⁷ tn Or “point of controversy.” It is unclear whether this event parallels Gal 2:1-10 or that Gal 2 fits with Acts 11:30. More than likely Gal 2:1-10 is to be related to Acts 11:30.

[15:12]  ³⁸ tn BDAG 922 s.v. σιγάω 1.a lists this passage under the meaning “say nothing, keep still, keep silent.”

[15:12]  ³⁹ tn Here in connection with τέρατα (terata) the miraculous nature of these signs is indicated.

[15:13]  ⁴⁰ tn BDAG 922 s.v. σιγάω 1.b lists this passage under the meaning “stop speaking, become silent.”

[15:13]  ⁴¹ tn Grk “answered, saying”; the redundant participle λέγων (legwn) has not been translated.

[15:14]  ⁴² sn Simeon is a form of the apostle Peter’s Aramaic name. James uses Peter’s “Jewish” name here.

[15:14]  ⁴³ tn Or “reported,” “described.”

[15:14]  ⁴⁴ tn BDAG 378 s.v. ἐπισκέπτομαι 3 translates this phrase in Acts 15:14, “God concerned himself about winning a people fr. among the nations.”

[15:14]  ⁴⁵ tn Grk “to take,” but in the sense of selecting or choosing (accompanied by the preposition ἐκ [ek] plus a genitive specifying the group selected from) see Heb 5:1; also BDAG 584 s.v. λαμβάνω 6.

[15:14]  ⁴⁶ sn In the Greek text the expression “from among the Gentiles” is in emphatic position.

[15:15]  ⁴⁷ tn Grk “And the.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[15:15]  ⁴⁸ sn The term agree means “match” or “harmonize with.” James’ point in the introduction argues that many of the OT prophets taught this. He gives one example (which follows).